Limb amputations

Limb amputations are effective in removing the problem efficiently and in restoring comfort. However, horses and cattle are not able to stand or move with just three limbs very easily and amputation is primarily an option in smaller patients. Prostheses are generally not well tolerated.

Small ruminants and smaller camelids are often good candidates for limb amputation if other therapies are not possible. Most limb amputations in these species are performed due to traumatic injuries rather than bone neoplasia.

Limb amputations should only be performed after the animal has been stabilized. Shock, dehydration, anemia and/or infection should be treated before attempting surgery. The other limbs should be carefully evaluated to ensure they will be able to withstand the extra weight bearing forces.

Limb amputations do require a dedicated owner to assume the responsibility of appropriate postoperative care. Complications include contralateral limb breakdown, prolonged recumbency, persistent lameness, poor milk production, and poor quality of life.

Resources

Limb amputation has good owner satisfaction and outcomes in 22 livestock cases (2013–2023) AJVR. 86. 1-7. 2025

Indications for and outcomes of limb amputation in goats and sheep. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2018;252:860–863