Miscellaneous esophageal abnormalities

Traction (true) diverticula result from contraction of periesophageal fibrous scar tissue, often secondary to a wound or previous surgery. These are typically asymptomatic and will have a wide neck on barium swallow esophogram.

Pulsion (false) diverticula result from protrusion of mucosa and submucosa through a defect in the esophageal musculature. These may result from external trauma or fluctuation in intraluminal pressure and overstretch damage by impacted feedstuffs. These will have a spherical or flask-like on esophagram. Pulsion diverticula may enlarge over time and become evident as a large swelling in
the neck. These can lead to dysphagia or choke.  Surgery is a referral procedure.

Esophageal fistula is usually secondary to previous surgery or trauma. These typically heal if ventral drainage is provided.

Intramural esophageal cysts are rare and likely congenital. They can be associated with dysphagia and regurgitation. A mass is identified in the neck. Surgery involves removal or marsupialization and cauterization.

Developmental abnormalities include tubular duplication and congenital esophageal dilatation.

Neoplasia  is rare; usually it is SCC with a grave prognosis.

Megaesophagus is rare. Metoclopramide may be useful for secondary forms

Resources

Oesophageal disorders in horses: Retrospective study of 39 cases, EVE 2018, Vol.30(2), pp.94-99