39 Practice
Top 10 animals being sick, part 3– can you tell the difference between the regurgitating and vomiting ones?
More : Top 10 animals being sick, part 1; top 10 animals being sick, part 2
Cases
Can you identify the abnormalities in this video?
Challenge Questions
General
- Explain mechanisms and testing involved in dysphagia associated with
- Prehension
- Mastication
- Swallowing
- Cranial nerve dysfunction
- Aspiration pneumonia
- Explain to a client how to differentiate dysphagia from regurgitation and vomiting
- Explain mechanisms of action for
- NSAIDs
- Corticosteroids
- why do animals drool with rabies? red clover? motion sickness?
- what does saliva help with anyway?
- Use the DAMNIT-V scheme to work through differentials for dysphagia in your favorite species
- How can you use dysphagia to help localize neurological lesions?
- Develop a decision tree for dysphagia or for regurgitation, showing diagnostic, treatment or prognosis options for each category:
- infection, inflammation, trauma neoplasia, neuromuscular disorders.
- define prehension, mastication , deglutition, odynophagia
- Use a flowchart to identify site of dysfunction in eating
- identify signs related to dysphagia
- match cranial nerves to dysphagia types
Small animal
- Explain mechanisms and testing involved in dysphagia associated with
- Cricopharyngeal achalasia
- Myasthenia gravis
- Tick paralysis
- Rabies
- Muscular dystrophy
- Addison’s disease
- Explain mechanisms of action for
- Edrophonium
- Pyridostigmine
- Why do we give atropine to small animal patients in anesthesia but not to large animal patients?
- How do we manage megaesophagus patients, particularly for eating?
Equine
- Explain mechanisms and testing involved in dysphagia associated with
- Guttural pouch infections
- Temporohyoid osteopathy
- Tetanus
- Botulism
- Strangles
- Ulcerative stomatitis
- White snakeroot
- Moldy corn
- Overgrown teeth
- What causes choke in horses and how is it treated?
Ruminants
- Explain mechanisms and testing involved in dysphagia associated with
- White muscle disease
- Bovine viral diarrhea
- Bovine leukosis virus infection
- Malignant catarrhal fever
- Scrapie
- Ulcerative stomatitis
- Locoweed
- Woody tongue (Actinobacillus)
- why do cows salivate so much? what happens if they have choke?
Avian
- what are in raptor pellets?
- What is involved with parent birds feeding baby birds?
What electrolyte disorders could develop with chronic vomiting or refluxing?
When do you use apomorphine to stimulate vomiting in dogs?
How are cats different?
Explain the medical management of these causes of vomiting:
- Motion sickness
- Chemotherapeutic drugs
- Xylitol toxicity
General
Use the DAMN-IT scheme to work through 6 differentials for vomiting in your favorite species
Explain how you can use vomiting to localize neurological lesions
Explain how these drugs help vomiting and what types they help
- maropitant
- metoclopramide
- ondansetron
- prochlorperazine
Small animal
How or why do these cause vomiting?
- motion sickness
- inner ear infections
- gastric ulcers
- pancreatitis
- chemotherapeutic drugs
- renal disease
- toxicity
- infection
- pyometra
Explain the medical management of
- motion sickness
- chemotherapeutic induced nausea
- xylitol toxicity
We often feed a light diet to vomiting dogs and cats. What does that look like?
What can you use /not use to stimulate vomiting in cats?
How does activated charcoal help?
